Oil and Gas

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Karmayogi

Oil and Natural Gas

The origin of the oil industry in India can be traced back to the last part of the 19th century when peroleum was discovered in Digboi in north-east India. Digboi's Oil refinery is the oldest working refinery in the world. After independence, the industry-which had Burmah Shell, Esso and Caltex as major players--was nationalized. Every activity--exploration, development. production, refining, marketing, distribution is now privatized.

India's crude oil production increased from 7 million tonnes in 1971 to 34 million tonnes in 2006. India's production of POL (Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants) increased from 19 million tonnes in 1971 to 96 million tonnes in 2000 to 120 million tonnes in 2006.

World's highest retail Petrol pump outlet
(at 12, 001 ft. above sea level, at Leh)

oil7.jpg (17227 bytes)

Energy and Environment
27 November 2006, Forbes magazine

	China	India
Proven Oil Reserves	18.3 billion barrels	5.4 billion barrels
Oil Production	3,806.2 thousand barrels per day, of which 96% was crude oil.	838.9 thousand barrels per day, of which 76% was crude oil.
Oil Consumption	6,899.6 thousand barrels per day	2,524.7 thousand barrels per day
Crude Oil Distillation Capacity	6,246 thousand barrels per day	2,254.6 thousand barrels per day
Proven Natural Gas Reserves	53.3 trillion cubic feet	30.1 trillion cubic feet
Natural Gas Production	1.4 trillion cubic feet	1 trillion cubic feet
Natural Gas Consumption	1,350.5 billion cubic feet	957 billion cubic feet
Oil/Gas Ports	Shanghai, Zhanjiang, Zhuhai, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Hangzhou, Qingdao, Dalian, Tianjin	Oil - Bombay, Cochin, Haldia, Kandla, Madras, Vizag; LNG � Hazira, Dahej
Refineries (capacity, bbl/d)	Zhenhai (403,000), Ningbo (320,000), Maoming (270,000), Nanjing (270,000), Lanzhou (250,000), Shanghai (226,000 and 176,000), Dalian (210,000 and 160,000), Fushu (200,000), Beijing (170,000), Heilongjiang (160,000 and 120,000), Guangzhou (154,000), Liaoyang (150000)	Reliance-Jamnagar (660,000), Koyali-Gujarat (185,100), Mangalore (180,000), Mathura-Uttar Pradesh (156,000), Mahul-Bombay (Bharat Petroleum) (120,000), Madras (130,660), Mahul-Bombay (Hindustan Petroleum) (111,700)

Refining
Refining capacity, which stood at 116.5 million tonnes in 2002 has made India self-sufficient in crude oil refining. This sector, predominantly controlled by public sector companies, is now witnessing increased participation from the private sector. Public sector oil companies are also divesting their equity to the public.

India's petroleum exports
Source: Indian Ministry of Petroleum

1997-98	2002-03
Rs. 1,266 Cr.	Rs. 8,219 Cr.

Oil and Natural Gas - Industry Highlights:

India is endowed with 26 sedimentary basins totalling around 1.72 million sq. km of which offshore area (up to 200-m isobath water depth) amounts to 0.38 million sq km.
India is currently the fourth largest oil consumer in the Asia-Pacific region after Japan, China and South Korea.
Estimated to increase at the rate of 7-8 percent a year, the annual demand for petroleum products, is expected to nearly double from the present level of 80 million tonnes to 155 million tonnes by the year 2006-07.
India needs over 700 million barrels of petroleum products per year by the turn of the century.
Coal bed methane (CBM) resources in India in the form of thick coal seams at shallower depths are favourably located near some of India's major industrial centres and are of the order of 1,000 billion cubic meters (assuming gas content of 5 cubic metres per tonne).

Top 10 Exporters of Crude Oil (2004)
Source: International Energy Agency

	Megatons	% Total
Saudi Arabia	346	16.1
Russia	258	12.0
Norway	132	6.1
Nigeria	123	5.7
Iran	122	5.7
Mexico	105	4.9
U.A.E.	95	4.4
Venezuela	94	4.4
Canada	87	4.0
Iraq	75	3.5
Rest of World	716	33.3
Total	2,153	100.0

Fast Facts:
- World's highest retail petrol pump (above sea level) is in India at Leh.

- Digboi (Assam) oil refinery is the oldest working in the world.

- India is self-sufficient in crude oil refining.

- India's Crude Oil reserves are the 20th largest in the world

- India's Natural Gas reserves are the 25th largest in the world

- India is the fourth largest oil consumer in Asia.

- India is the largest importer of Oil in the world outside the OPEC.

China

India

Proven Oil Reserves

18.3 billion barrels

Oil Production

3,806.2 thousand barrels per day, of which 96% was crude oil.

838.9 thousand barrels per day, of which 76% was crude oil.

Oil Consumption

6,899.6 thousand barrels per day

2,524.7 thousand barrels per day

Crude Oil Distillation Capacity

6,246 thousand barrels per day

2,254.6 thousand barrels per day

Proven Natural Gas Reserves

53.3 trillion cubic feet

30.1 trillion cubic feet

Natural Gas Production

1.4 trillion cubic feet

1 trillion cubic feet

Natural Gas Consumption

1,350.5 billion cubic feet

957 billion cubic feet

Oil/Gas Ports

Shanghai, Zhanjiang, Zhuhai, Guangzhou, Xiamen, Hangzhou, Qingdao, Dalian, Tianjin

Oil - Bombay, Cochin, Haldia, Kandla, Madras, Vizag; LNG � Hazira, Dahej

Refineries (capacity, bbl/d)

Zhenhai (403,000), Ningbo (320,000), Maoming (270,000), Nanjing (270,000), Lanzhou (250,000), Shanghai (226,000 and 176,000), Dalian (210,000 and 160,000), Fushu (200,000), Beijing (170,000), Heilongjiang (160,000 and 120,000), Guangzhou (154,000), Liaoyang (150000)

Reliance-Jamnagar (660,000), Koyali-Gujarat (185,100), Mangalore (180,000), Mathura-Uttar Pradesh (156,000), Mahul-Bombay (Bharat Petroleum) (120,000), Madras (130,660), Mahul-Bombay (Hindustan Petroleum) (111,700)

Top 10 Exporters of Crude Oil (2004) Source: International Energy Agency

Top 10 Exporters of Crude Oil (2004)
Source: International Energy Agency